Ever Wonder Why Your Dog Is Scared Of Fireworks?

If your dog is already conditioned to a noisy or raucous environment, he may have no problem with the booming. However, dogs are far more sensitive to fireworks’ vibrations than humans, so it’s best not to take any chances.

“It’s the loudness of the fireworks themselves and the vibrations — the percussion of those fireworks — that they feel,” Gicking tells The Dodo. “Especially for animals who live in homes that are somewhat quiet.”

If noise isn’t an issue for your pet, he may still have trouble adjusting to the excitement surrounding the festivities, notes Victoria Cussen, director of anti-cruelty behavior research for the ASPCA.

“Fireworks also often accompany other loud gatherings or events, which can be confusing or upsetting to pets,” Cussen tells The Dodo. “Animals do well with consistency, so fireworks and the celebrations they come with can catch animals off guard.”

So how do you help your dog make it through the holiday? Here’s how to keep your pup safe and still celebrate the red, white and blue.

People Notice Someone Strange Stranded On An Iceberg Miles Out At Sea

Last week, while aboard a crab-fishing boat off the coast of Labrador, Canada, Mallory Harrigan and her colleagues noticed something unusual. There, about 4 miles from shore, was a rather sizable mushroom-shaped iceberg — and it had an unwitting passenger stranded atop it.

“We thought it was a baby seal,” Harrigan told The Dodo.

But then they got a closer look.

Kitten Trapped In Chimney For 3 Days Is Rescued Just In Time

Jose and Jocelyn Pascual were hanging out inside their home one day when they started to hear tiny meows coming out of nowhere. They searched and searched, trying to find where the sound was coming from — and soon realized it was coming from their chimney.

Once they realized there was a kitten stuck inside the chimney, the couple spent three days doing everything they could think of to try and rescue him, but nothing was working. Finally, the couple’s niece decided to contact Hope for Paws to see if it could help, and rescuers Loreta Frankonyte and Eldad Hagar drove out in the middle of the night in hopes of freeing the very stuck kitten.

Stray Cat Was In Such Bad Shape People Couldn’t Tell What He Was

“He is such a sweetheart. I could not ask for a more humble, easygoing, laid-back cat,” Latham said.

Most people would have seen Battle Cat and assumed he was a lost cause. Latham knew he deserved a chance, though, and now he’s blossoming into the cutest, friendliest cat, and his new mom can’t wait to see all the progress he’s going to make as he continues on his journey to recovery.

Little Street Puppy Runs Up To Traveler And Completely Steals His Heart

He decided to call her Chica. That night, when he was back at his hotel, Kalmbach scoured the internet to find an animal rescue group that might be able to help him and Chica. He came across Unidos Para Los Animales.

Kalmbach contacted the rescue’s founder, Linda Green, who agreed right away to get Chica some vet care, immunizations and paperwork to fly home to Kalmbach in California if Kalmbach could find her again. After all, the rescue regularly flies dogs to California to find homes each year. It was meant to be.

With a plan in place, the next step was to track Chica down. He searched and searched the village with no luck — so he asked a group of children for help. The kids seemed to instantly recognize Chica’s picture and guided Kalmbach around, street after street. After two hours of walking, they led him into the town dump.

Wildlife Officer Says He’ll Save Baby Coyote — Then Does The Cruelest Thing

“They said they typically don’t handle the coyotes,” McChesney said. “And I said, ‘OK. Well, what am I supposed to do?’ And they said, ‘Can you just shoo it outside?’ I said, ‘Sure, but he’s in the neighborhood. He’s going to get hit by a car or go into someone else’s house. This is not a coyote area. This will just be someone else’s problem.’”

The WDFW official even suggested that McChesney shoot the coyote, but McChesney balked at the thought.

“That wasn’t even close to an option,” McChesney said. “I wouldn’t even consider that.”

With the help of the Kennewick Police Department, McChesney finally got in touch with Don Caraway, a state-authorized wildlife control officer, who arrived at McChesney’s home with a metal cage.

Video Shows Circus Bears Wracked With Terror During Performance

The bears are owned by Rosaire’s Bears, a company that trains wild animals for entertainment and moves them around the country to perform at different locations. This performance, which was captured in a video, took place in April at the Shrine Circus in Bangor, Maine.

“This is run-of-the-mill for circus acts,” Debbie Metzler, a captive wildlife specialist for the PETA Foundation, told The Dodo. “The two bears, believed to be Indian and Chopper, were almost constantly slapped, poked and jabbed. They were pulled hard by leads, and coerced to walk and sit like humans, push carts and climb ladders, which are all things that can lead to muscle and joint pain, injury and even chronic psychological distress.”

Dogs Try To Befriend Porcupine And Things Don’t Go As Planned

It depends on the severity, but the quill removal can take several hours. Sometimes all the quills can’t be safely removed, and a doctor will have to monitor the dog afterwards to watch for signs of infection.

While most porcupine-related injuries are not life-threatening, waiting too long to treat the situation can have unfortunate consequences.

“Since quills carry bacteria, infection and abscesses are a serious risk,” Gorman says. “Quills can also get stuck in various dangerous locations around the body, including the pet’s eyes, joints or organs. Depending on the nature of the injury, it can result in serious complications, which is why it’s important to have your dog treated as soon as possible.”

This Rescue Cat Looks Like He Has Two Noses And He’s Perfect

“I had stayed in touch to send her photos of my two polydactyl bobtail sisters that were adopted through [the ]rescue about a year before,” Jeanne, Doby’s new mom, told The Dodo. “I saw his little bat face and that was it. We didn’t know a lot about him at first, so we did our research on cerebellar hypoplasia and cleft palates to make sure our home was safe and accessible for him.”

Since Doby was small for his age and had some special needs, he had to be fostered for a few months before he could be adopted, but once he was finally declared healthy, his new parents welcomed him into their home with open arms. His foster family did a great job of helping him come out of his shell, and by the time he came to his forever family, he had grown into a spunky, playful little cat.

“His foster mom is the absolute best and we are so thankful that she took a scared and anxious little kitten and taught him to love and trust people,” Jeanne said.

Little Fox Decides To Try Out Family’s Trampoline But Things Don’t Go As Planned

A woman was looking out her window into her backyard one evening when she noticed someone playing on her family’s trampoline — and quickly realized it was a very stuck little fox.

It seemed the fox had been jumping around on the trampoline, just trying it out, when he somehow got one of his back legs stuck in the springs of the trampoline and couldn’t figure out how to free himself. Concerned, the woman quickly contacted the RSPCA, hoping it could help the very confused little fox.

Bomb Squad Investigates Bag Left At Airport — And Finds It Bursting With Cuteness

Tensions were high at Australia’s Adelaide Airport on Wednesday evening after a suspicious bag was found to have been left unattended near some restrooms. Naturally, the bright pink package triggered airport security protocol, and soon a bomb squad was on the scene to investigate.

But, as it turns out, what they found inside wasn’t dangerous at all — well, unless you happen to be a carrot.

How to Order the Nintendo NES Classic Mini (And SNES Classic)

The NES Classic Mini and SNES Classic are elusive little beasts. The teeny tiny Nintendo Entertainment System packed with 30 classic 8-bit games originally hit store shelves in late 2016 … and promptly sold out. It’s been nigh impossible to find ever since, and was sent off into the sunset in favor of Nintendo’s Super NES Classic, which also sold out. We weren’t thrilled with Nintendo’s decision to discontinue the system, and its continued trouble keeping both of them in stock is odd.

If you missed out the first time around, we have some good news! The miniature version of the console that made Mario is back as of June 29, again at a $60 price point. The bad news is that the NES Classic is quickly selling out again.

NES Classic May Be Available at These Stores

Availability goes in and out, but check all of the links. We’ll add more as we find more. Extra NES Controllers are available on Best Buy. 8Bitdo also sells a nice wireless NES Classic controller.

Backup Plan. Buy the EU NES Classic

If you really want to lock in your NES Classic, this trick might work.

You can preorder the NES Classic on Amazon.co.uk.

It goes in and out of stock, but the Amazon UK site will deliver to the United States. You’ll have to register for an Amazon UK account, but if you enter the same email you use for the U.S. Amazon, it will automatically have your credit cards and shipping addresses, alleviating some hassle. Since the NES Classic is powered via USB, you should not have a problem with Euro power plug incompatibility. The system should work on U.S. TVs. With shipping added (and UK taxes removed), it will cost you about $65 USD. Standard shipping estimates show a delivery window of July 13 – 18.

The EU NES Classic is also available on Amazon U.S. for $85 and Walmart for $87.

Be sure to hit up NowInStock.net to keep an eye on availability in the US.

SNES Classic is Also Available

If you’re disheartened by NES Classic sellouts, the SNES Classic is also back in stock at many retailers. It comes with 21 games, including the unreleased Star Fox 2, and two controllers. 8Bitdo has a wireless SNES Classic Controller, too. We’ve used it and it feels very authentic.

Updated on June 29: Many more buy links added for various stores. The system is now available again. Also added SNES Classic availability.

When you buy something using the retail links in our stories, we earn a small affiliate commission. Read more about how this works.

Amazon Echo Dot Kids Edition: Cute But Unnecessary

This may seem obvious given my profession, but I think technology is…fine? Even for kids? It’s hard to believe that it’s safe for your kid to get anywhere near a Wi-Fi-enabled device when you read stories about tech addiction, hacked toys and horrible YouTube videos. It’s also possible that my opinion might change as my kids get older.

But I do believe it is possible for families to strike a balance between protecting their children and introducing them to the tools that they will be using for the rest of their lives. As a millennial, I’ve been on the Internet for as long as I can remember, but I’ve somehow grown to adulthood without marrying a talking toaster. I’m guessing that your kids will probably be okay.

For that reason, I was open to the idea of testing Amazon’s Echo Dot Kids Edition. For months, I’ve found the child-friendly Fire tablet and FreeTime Unlimited to be useful tools for helping us navigate dinners and long plane rides with an obstreperous toddler and wiggly baby. And I was mildly, perversely curious to see what a smart assistant aimed at a child would do.

The good news is that your kid is probably smarter than you think. The bad news is that your kid does not need a smart device.

Dots for Days

Like the Fire for Kids, the Echo Dot Kids Edition is just an Echo Dot, but foam-wrapped in appealing colors for maximum cuteness. The Dot was already cute, but the foam makes it even cuter. When I took it out of the box, my three-year-old was enthralled and asked to carry it around with her.

While a Dot is $50, the Kids Edition is $80. That extra $30 pays for that kid-friendly foam case, a two-year unlimited warranty, and a year’s subscription to FreeTime Unlimited. FreeTime Unlimited is Amazon’s subscription service, which gives your kid access to age-appropriate content in the form of apps, games, videos, books, and now, on the Dot for kids, Alexa skills.

My colleague Robbie Gonzalez outlined a few of my concerns before I even received the tester. I didn’t want to give my toddler unlimited access to her own personal digital slave, so I restricted her use to a half-hour, just as I do with the tablet or the television. She also had to play with me. I unplugged the Echo Dot and put it in a drawer whenever it wasn’t in use. Whatever worries I have about privacy for my own sake, I triple, double, and quadruple for my kids.

Setup is simple. I plugged it in and downloaded the Alexa app while my toddler waited impatiently. Then we sat there for awhile as I pondered what to do with the darn thing.

Trying to figure out how to play with the Dot with a three-year-old felt a little like sitting at a computer in 1995, trying to figure out something to ask Jeeves. Many adults find the Echo and Echo Dot to be useful tools, but toddlers don’t have chores. They don’t even have to wipe their own butts. My toddler doesn’t need to know what the weather will be like, or what temperature a steak is supposed to be.

I asked Alexa for ideas. When she suggested a joke, I asked her for one. “What’s the difference between a well-dressed cyclist and a scruffy guy on a tricycle? Attire!” she said. I looked at my toddler, who had a polite, frozen smile on her face.

As with the Fire for Kids, you can access FreeTime Unlimited’s controls online via the Amazon Parent Dashboard at parents.amazon.com. You can set an age filter, time limits, or give your child access to the devices in your smart home so that they can turn the lights on and off. I checked, and the age filter for my toddler is set from two to six. I’m not sure even a six-year-old would have gotten that joke (did you?).

Play Date

Over the course of a few weeks, we did find ways to have fun with the Dot. My toddler’s diction still isn’t very clear. Even I still have trouble interpreting phrases like “swammy” (“salami”). But Alexa was able to decipher her perfectly, leading to my worst nightmare coming true: for the first few days, all she did was ask Alexa to play “Let It Go” over and over and over.

The games were hit or miss. But we did like Freeze Dancers, a self-explanatory game wherein we had to freeze whenever Alexa stopped playing music. My toddler also enjoyed queueing up KidzBop playlists whenever she liked, within her half-hour of playtime.

It’s easy to remember what we did every day, because the app keeps a complete history of my toddler’s activities that you can remove or delete as you see fit. For example, I see that there is a long string of commands telling Alexa that she is a butt. Alexa refused to respond.

Some of her responses are perfectly tailored to a three-year-old. When my toddler asked her if she had a dog, Alexa responded, “I don’t have a dog, but if I did, I would name him Astro!” I can also see that my toddler asked for help making cookies, and Alexa told her to ask a grown up first before touching the oven, toaster, or microwave.

But other responses were wildly off-base. My toddler is obsessed with stars and Greek mythology (yes, I know! She’s only three! She’s amazing!) and when she asked Alexa who Cassiopeia was, Alexa responded that cassiopea is a genus of jellyfish. That is…not the answer we were looking for at all.

When I asked Alexa what a vampire squid was, she said that it’s a small cephalopod. What’s a cephalopod? I kept asking follow-up questions until it just became easier to Google pictures of vampire squid myself. Reciting rote facts isn’t helpful for a three-year-old who has no context for such things. Arguably, it isn’t helpful for anyone.

I also was sent a set of Lego Duplos, in order to try the Lego Duplo Stories Alexa skill. But by the time I had futzed around and figured out that it was only available in my adult profile, and not in FreeTime, my toddler had become distracted by building planes, tying Lego people onto them with some twine she had found, and flying them to see her grandparents. The firefighters were taking care of the girl’s dogs, and her grandparents were waiting at the airport.

My toddler didn’t need Alexa’s help making up stories. It seemed counterproductive to interrupt her with pre-recorded stories about other peoples’ dogs. Maybe she knew, better than Lego would, which stories would help her process the events that were happening in her own life.

On that note: As with the Fire for Kids, toggling between the FreeTime profile and the adult profile can be difficult. Parental controls mean that your child can’t use voice purchasing, or ask Alexa to say bad words. But you have to whitelist other skills from the parent dashboard into FreeTime on the Dot.

I couldn’t figure out how to do this, even after getting on the phone with Amazon customer service. The Alexa app said the skill was enabled under my toddler’s profile, but when I tried to play it, it repeatedly told me I could not. Since I was sitting with my toddler anyway, I just switched to my parent profile, but obviously, this isn’t a solution that would work if your kid plays with the Dot unattended.

People Pleaser

If you’re a parent, you might be worried that your kid will not be able to distinguish Alexa from a person. I can’t answer for everyone’s kid. But in my own experience, my toddler was able to quickly and easily divine what Alexa was all about.

For her parents, Alexa might be a useful hands-free tool. But, at least in its current incarnation, it’s pretty obvious to a toddler that Alexa is a simulacrum of human interaction that’s designed to distract her long enough for me to cook dinner.

I could see this revelation dawning early on. After the first day of testing, my toddler asked me, “Is Alexa my friend?” I explained that no, Alexa is a machine, not a person. The next day, she asked, “Can Alexa make me feel better when I’m sad?” No, I responded again. Your teachers, friends, and family can make you feel better when you’re sad.

From then on, her interest declined sharply. One afternoon, she was too busy taping all our kitchen chairs together to talk to Alexa. Another time, I convinced her to start playing Name The Animal. She was engaged for the first few minutes. But after a frustrating interval where she yelled “MONKEY! MONKEY!” and Alexa responded, “The correct answer is ‘Chimpanzee'”, she flopped down on the couch in a convincing imitation of the teenager she will someday become and sighed, “You play it.”

Our kids don’t need adults in their lives simply to play games and read stories. We interpret context for them: When you ask what a vampire squid is, do you want the dictionary definition? Or do you want to look at pictures of squids? Do you want to talk about how they swim or where they live, or whether they have names?

We adults also provide behavioral guidance and emotional support. If you don’t specifically tell your child that Alexa is not a person, it’s possible that they might turn to Alexa to fulfill their emotional needs. But my toddler is three, and only needed me to explain that Alexa was a machine twice. After that, it was as unthinkable for her to say, “Alexa, I’m bored”, as it would have been for her to beg our dishwasher for a hug.

Given the choices we’ve made as a family, we simply didn’t find the Dot useful as a tool or toy. I didn’t want my daughter to have unlimited access to the Dot, so a few of the functions were useless. If my toddler wants to turn on the lights, she can pull a step stool over and turn it on manually, as short humans have been doing since indoor electricity was developed. We don’t have Echoes in every room, so I couldn’t use it to tell her to come in for dinner. And like most parents, we find that our children wake up obscenely early, so it was useless as an alarm clock.

It may be different for other families, especially if you have older children. But for my toddler, it came down to a simple question: Why talk to a machine or ask it to read to you when your mom is right there? Like Alexa, I can play music and games, but I can also serve snacks, engage in long philosophical discussions about whether your right leg is your right leg or your left leg, and walk to the sink and run water over my head when she’s hilariously spat jelly all over my face. It will be a long time before Alexa can compete with any of that.

Mission Bicycle’s Light-Up Fork Will Never Leave You in the Dark

It’s happened to me, it’s happened to you. You walk out of a concert, a restaurant, or the office at an hour well past sunset, go to unlock your bike, and you realize you don’t have your lights. Maybe you forgot to charge them and they’re as dead as beans. Maybe you forgot to bring them entirely because it’s the summer and they daylight hours are long. Maybe they were stolen off your frame—in which case you’re lucky they didn’t take the whole bike.

A San Francisco company called Mission Bicycle has rolled out a new bike design that will never leave an owner in the dark. The frameset has LEDs build right into the fork. Tapping a button sets the front end of the bike alight.

Beth Holzer for Wired

The design is simple and tidy. On the inside of the fork’s arms, there are two LED strips situated vertically. Each strip holds 50 diodes, for 100 lights in total. You press a button on the top cap of the headset to turn the lighting system on and off; pressing and holding the button dims the lights, which helps the battery last longer. There are also five red LEDs built into the seatpost. All of the wiring runs through the frame—from the headset, down the fork, and back to the seatpost.

The whole system uses a rechargeable battery that lives inside the headset. To access it, you unscrew the top cap, and the battery pops up far enough for you to grab it. You can charge it wherever it’s convenient using a USB cable.

Integrated lighting systems aren’t unique in the cycling world. You can find a number of commuter bikes with headlights built into the frames and tail lights built into the seat posts. But what makes Mission Bicycle’s design notable is the ease with which the lights blend into the design. Walk past the bike on the street, and you won’t notice the LEDs or the on/off switch unless you’re really looking for them. It stays fully hidden and makes for a clean, minimal look. More importantly, it means you always have your lights with you—as long as you remember to charge the battery.

Beth Holzer for Wired

Mission Bicycle leant me a bike to ride for a couple of weeks. The company sells fully customized city bikes starting at $1,100, and it offers a bunch of different options for drivetrains, components, and frame colors. The integrated lighting system is available as an option on every build. My loaner was a singlespeed; a simple, easy roller.

When you fire up the LED systems, it illuminates a big circle of pavement around the front wheel, about four feet in diameter. The effect is eye-catching in a way that a forward-facing headlight isn’t, and since the LEDs are visible from the side too, it easily makes you the most noticeable vehicle in the bike lane. The light itself is a cool blue, which at first seems a bit harsh, but only helps you stand out more alongside the yellowish glow of the overhead sodium bulbs that illuminate the roadways. The battery lasted the whole time I had the bike, and if your commute involves less than an hour of night riding each day, I imagine you’d have to charge it once every three or four weeks.

Two caveats. One, the lighting system makes you visible to others on the road, but doesn’t direct light far enough in front of you to fully illuminate the road ahead. The company’s reasoning is that, in a city, the streets are generally well lit enough that being seen is a higher priority for your safety than seeing where you’re going. Sure, but if you don’t live in a city with well-lit streets, you’ll need a headlamp. Second, the crown that you unscrew to get at the battery isn’t fully secure. So if a thief is knowledgeable enough to look for the little rubber on/off switch, they can steal your battery (or the top cap) pretty easily. The folks at the shop tell me they are working on a solution to this. For now, maybe just slip the battery into your pocket when you leave your bike locked up outside the bar. No biggie.

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Kilner Fermentation Set Review: A Great and Easy Way to Get Started

There’s a point when I make sauerkraut where it feels like the whole thing is going off the rails. Mine has the traditional cabbage and caraway seeds, but I like to throw an onion in there and something about the latter steers the whole thing into off-putting deep-funk territory at about the six-day mark: it smells vaguely of stinky shoe and has a taste that’s equally prohibitive. Amazingly, these are not bad signs. Instead, they mean that in just a few more days, everything will click into place and I’ll soon be making a late-night snack of bread, cheese, beer, and sauerkraut that leaves me giddy.

Turns out that many fermented foods have this happy effect on me. So much so that while it took two decades of adulthood before I started making them myself, they’re now a part of my repertoire. Most of the time, I have a jar of sauerkraut or even kimchi fermenting away on a cool shelf, and another ready to eat in the fridge.

I like fermenting for a few reasons: the meditative chopping of a pile of vegetables, tasting the food as it evolves, and the day it hits that “holy cow” level of goodness when I slide it into the fridge for storage. I also love that the lowly cabbage—the unlikely star of the fermented world—can be transformed into something so exciting. If you’re in it for more than just great flavor, there are also a host of purported health benefits you may wish to explore.

Yet there are obstacles to making fermented food that you don’t usually run into with cooking, mostly because fermenting is a weird blend between steering the ship and not knowing exactly where it’ll end up.

First, fermentation is essentially controlling bacteria—keeping bad ones at bay while creating an atmosphere where good ones thrive and help create flavors that we love. This can be intimidating.

Second, you need salt to make it happen, but knowing how much of which kind of salt can feel like you need a degree in the dark arts to get it right.

Third, it’s clunky. You’ve gotta rig up a system to keep the vegetables submerged in the brine, usually with some sort of weight. One type of kit you can buy uses what looks like a spring from jack in the box to keep everything under the surface. Some people use washed stones or a plate or a Ziploc bag full of brine on top of everything and cover the jar with muslin. For my sauerkraut, I’d been putting the cabbage in a large, wide-mouth jar, and weighed it down with a smaller jar with a heavy pestle inside it. I also learned to put everything on a tray in case the brine overflowed.

You eventually figure out the salt and grow accustomed to the lack of control, but the clunkiness is just an impediment. As someone who may have been a herding dog in another life, I like the thought of getting a few more people into the fermentation game, and one way to do that is to simplify the entry requirements by making the setup a little less cobbled-together feeling.

You can speed it up a bit, spend big, and get a large ceramic crock that has weights to hold the food down and a U-shaped lip on the rim that you fill with water. This is what you find set out on urban balconies and countryside porches all over South Korea.

Right now, though, I’m really enjoying Kilner’s Fermentation Set—a three-liter jar (big but not huge), with a pair of glazed ceramic half moons that easily slip inside the mouth of the jar to weigh everything down, and a lid with an air lock, a simple one-way valve that keeps unwanted guests out and allows the whole thing to gurgle away without building pressure in the jar.

The Kilner setup certainly has a bit of a “home science kit” look to it with that air lock up top, but it costs a very affordable $30 and it’s simple—you can figure out how it works just by looking at the picture on the box. From there, chop and salt the cabbage, add it to the jar, set on the weights, pop on the lid and set it somewhere cool. Unlike a crock, the jar’s clear glass sidewalls allow you to keep an eye on things, which is particularly helpful when you’re making sure everything stays submerged or watching for unwanted mold growth. In the early stages of your fermentation career, the less guesswork the better.

Having become used to the clunkiness of fermenting, suddenly having a nice setup had some pleasant effects, most notably that everything went faster. There are similar setups out there, but this one is particularly refined.

It also freed me up enough to spread my wings more than I’d done in the past. Since refrigeration essentially hits the brakes on fermentation, once I made sauerkraut and got it where I wanted it, I transferred it into a couple Ball jars, put them in the fridge, then turned right around and started some kimchi. When the kimchi was done, I started my first-ever batch of sour pickles, riffing off a recipe for “nuclear” pickles from Ukraine.

When my mom came out for a visit, we took inspiration from fermentation guru Sandor Katz and made a big batch of sauerkraut that was half cabbage and half all sorts of other vegetables like boy choy, zucchini, garlic scapes, and radishes. An accomplished home cook, mom had never made sauerkraut and took to it quickly. She salted the shredded cabbage and started kneading it with her hands to help the salt pull out the moisture and create the brine.

“I’m not used to tactile-ing the cabbage so much,” she said crushing it between her fingers and working out some frustrations with our current political climate at the same time. Then she started layering the vegetables into the jar, taking the time to make it look nice.

“It helps, doesn’t it?” she asked. It did! We celebrated by tasting a sour pickle.

Having these foods around (and looking good!) means you’re likely to eat more of them, then crave more, then make more, a perpetually slow-bubbling virtuous cycle of fermented happiness. I’m now in the habit of bringing jars to friends, breaking them out at barbecues, or having a bit as an easy side dish at dinner.

One thing worth kvetching about is that I wish a storage lid was part of the kit. Another quibble is the choice of a wooden lid—which some experts appreciate, but also could harbor unwelcome bacteria that can ruin a batch. This is something that divides the fermentation crowd; Sandor Katz mentions the use of a hardwood as a crock weight option in Wild Fermentation, but other people have been scarred by the process. I had no problems with Kilner’s lid in my testing, and some pros use wooden parts in their fermenting, but it’s something I’ll be keeping an eye on in the future. Kilner is in the process of phasing out the wooden lid and a spokesperson said it was being replaced by a silicone lid late this summer.

In Wild Fermentation, Katz says, “clever people accomplish this simple process [of fermentation] in many different ways. No single vessel is best.” You can certainly rig up your own fermentation setup or pay a bunch for a crock. But for a fermenting novice like me, Kilner’s kit is well worth the investment.

Kilner’s Fermentation Set isn’t reinventing the wheel—there have been versions of something like this for centuries—but this one is relatively inexpensive, well thought out, and it does two things that all great products should: it made my life easier and encouraged me to make more.

Food writer Joe Ray (@joe_diner) is a Lowell Thomas Travel Journalist of The Year, a restaurant critic, and author of “Sea and Smoke” with chef Blaine Wetzel.

Stop Expecting Games to Build Empathy

What do games do for us—and what do we owe them for that? It’s an odd question, but it seems to come up, in one form or another, whenever a gaming controversy hits the news. Gaming is no longer a young medium, but it’s still somewhat opaque from the outside, which makes games an easy target for crusades from those wont to crusade: most recently, with local-newsinsistences that Fortnite is rotting your children’s brains.

It’s not. (Probably.) But every question about gaming’s value is met, within the world of videogaming, with a chorus insisting that games are good for you, games are your friend, and—perhaps most concretely—games actually make you more empathetic. It’s this assumption that buoys the Games for Change Festival, the 15th edition of which begins today in New York, as well as a dozen other games advocacy groups. It has become a talking point in all levels of the industry, and with empathy as the TED Talk-anointed foundation of game-adjacent VR “experiences,” it informs one of that technology’s busiest content categories.

Games, the thinking goes, can make you a better person. But can they? Do they?

The argument goes like this: by exposing you to experiences outside of your own, in an interactive fashion, games foster empathy. They are the literalization of “walking a mile in someone else’s shoes.” So games can, for instance, let you embody the life of a budding lesbian coming of age in Washington State, or allow you to experience the turmoil and terror of a Syrian refugee. By doing this, advocates argue, games can influence and improve our behavior outside of the “magic circle,” that digitized realm where events take on new, outsized significance.

Unfortunately, it’s not really that simple, and presenting it as such does a disservice—to games, and even to empathy as a concept. For starters, the science on the topic is inconclusive at best. Earlier this year, Holly Green at Paste rounded up and digested a swath of relevant research on the topic, and the results are far muddier than empathy game proponents would want them to be. Games, if anything, seem to confirm the moral activation or disengagement of the person playing, offering them a chance to live out who they are, or at least a version of them shaped by the morals offered by the game world.

And what of the much-touted empathy VR experiences, which strip the player of agency, instead embodying them in experiences unlike their own (be they violent or traumatic or tragic)? To be perfectly frank: they’re good publicity for whoever’s making them, and not a whole lot more. Even if games and first-person experiences can increase the player’s emotional activation, empathy is more complicated than that. Empathy is active: it involves both mental acuity and changes to behavior. Understanding without change isn’t empathy. Emotion without action to help others isn’t empathy.

Games are imaginative spaces, and imagination is fodder for empathy—picturing another person as being as wholly human as yourself, with struggles that matter, is an important part of becoming empathetic. But games can’t teach, or even develop, that. An empathy game can make you cry, but it can’t make you care. That’s up to you.

What the insistence on empathy in games amounts to, in a lot of cases, is a sort of exceptionalist persecution complex. Because games are often attacked by outside forces that seem powerful—lawmakers, media advocacy groups, sensationalist publications—those of us in the gaming world have an impulse to defend games as being special in a way that other media aren’t. To argue that games, apart from film or music or theatre, can do things that other mediums can’t. That games aren’t just an art form—they’re the art form. We say: Games aren’t just fun or interesting. They make you better people.

But that persecution complex is both inaccurate and unrealistic. Videogames are, in fact, incredibly powerful, bringing in a massive influx of revenue every year. They are, in fact, one of the most ubiquitous forms of entertainment in the world, crossing demographic lines across the planet. Games don’t benefit from our defensiveness. It’s not necessary to legitimize games with flimsy arguments about empathy. It’s not necessary to legitimize them at all.

Don’t get me wrong: games are really cool! They’re imagination and philosophy engines, ways of exploring ideas and experiences outside of our normal lives. That’s incredible—but it’s the same type of incredible as any other form of art. Games, like any other type of art, can make life more interesting and more tolerable. But they can’t make you a better person, no matter how many sad games you play or how many VR experiences you walk around in. Games can’t make you better. That’s your job.


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Watch Out, Pro Racers: These Drones Just Learned to Fly Solo

These days any old schlub can pilot a drone without cratering it, what with good old autopilot tech, but there are drone pilots out there whose abilities push the limits of human cognition. Drone racing is a truly insane endeavor (now with its very own Drone Racing League!) with human pilots banking around corners and through obstacles at over 100 miles per hour, navigating it all through the craft’s onboard camera. It takes an almost unimaginable amount of coordination—but, alas, even this highly skilled job is in danger of automation.

Researchers have developed a system that allows drones to autonomously navigate an obstacle course of gates with 100 percent accuracy—that is, the robots don’t crash into something and explode. Not only that, because of the clever way the researchers trained the drones, the machines can adapt if a wily human moves a gate mid-run, completing a course that looks different than when they started. They run a bit slow at the moment compared to human pilot, sure, but they’ll only get faster from here.

When you think about robots roaming the world, you probably think first of self-driving cars. These can only work because engineers first use lidar to coat the world in beams of light, mapping it in fine detail. This helps the machines localize themselves in the static environment—trees and buildings and such.

But a new class of machines are beginning to sense their world more like we do. Boston Dynamics, for instance, makes the famous SpotMini robot dog. This machine doesn’t use lidar because lidar is computationally and energetically expensive. So instead, a handler remote-controls the machine through an environment as cameras capture its surroundings. Armed with this information, the robot can then walk the same route autonomously, using its cameras to eyeball a now-familiar world.

This new drone system works in much the same way. You can’t bolt a bulky lidar on a drone and expect it to get off the ground, so this system also runs on cameras. The researchers trained the drones by, well, holding them and “flying” them through the obstacle course first (comical mouthed airplane noises excluded), like SpotMini first walking a route. This allowed them to collect images, tens of thousands of them. The researchers used all this data to train a neural network on how to fly through the obstacle course, not with a detailed 3-D lidar map, but with sight.

When they let the drone loose, it could navigate autonomously using its onboard camera. “The drone receives an image from the camera and the neural network outputs, Hey drone, now you have to go two meters to the left,” says University of Zurich roboticist Antonio Loquercio, who helped develop the system. The drone is constantly taking in these images, processing them, and correcting its course, all based on its training on the neural network.

Because the drone isn’t just relying on a static map of its environment, it’s better equipped to react to the unexpected. “During data generation, we moved one or two gates on the track and adapted the trajectory,” says roboticist Elia Kaufmann, also of the University of Zurich. In other words, part of the robot’s training was to deal with changes in the environment.

Even when humans throw it challenges like this, the drone managed to complete 50 out of 50 laps without a collision. In fact, it bested a pro pilot the researchers brought in to fly the same course, who managed 45 out of 50, albeit at a greater speed—the human was an average of three times faster than the robot. “Drone pilots fly very, very aggressively,” says Loquercio. “They are more open to take risks, way less conservative than what our current approach is.”

These thinky machines are conservative both by design and by limitations of the technology. Drones are expensive, and the researchers preferred to not destroy them—plus the neural network isn’t powerful enough to match humans’ blazing speeds. We’re talking about a lot of data the drone has to crunch on the fly.

Impressively enough, though, the drone is already doing it all onboard, as opposed to tapping into a computer through Wi-Fi, thanks to more efficient neural network algorithms and a fairly burly processor—for a drone at least. And the machines will only get more powerful, and may soon match or best the speed of pro pilots, all while maintaining that coveted accuracy.

This approach could also find its way into other applications in the robotic future. Our skies are about to fill up with drones, delivery drones in particular, that will have to avoid not just one another, but the many obstacles of the big city. If they just relied on static maps, it’d be chaos (read: drones colliding and plummeting out of the sky and onto our heads). Drones will have to more dynamically adapt to their surroundings to be safe and effective.

For the nearer future, though, drone racers take note: the competition is about to get tougher. Just never make a mistake and you should be fine…